Legislation | ![]() | |
Derechos | Equipo Nizkor
|
28Dec00
Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China
Back to top(Adopted at the 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2000 and promulgated by Order No. 42 of the President of the People's Republic of China on December 28, 2000)
Contents
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
Section 1 Conditions for Extradition
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
Section 7 Transit for ExtraditionChapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions
Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of ensuring normal extradition, strengthening international cooperation in punishing crimes, protecting the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations, safeguarding national interests and maintaining public order.
Article 2 This Law is applicable to extradition conducted between the People's Republic of China and foreign states.
Article 3 The People's Republic of China cooperates with foreign states in extradition on the basis of equality and reciprocity.
No cooperation in extradition may impair the sovereignty, security or public interests of the People's Republic of China.
Article 4 The People's Republic of China and foreign states shall communicate with each other through diplomatic channels for extradition. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is designated as the communicating authority for extradition.
Where in an extradition treaty there are special provisions to govern the communicating authority, the provisions there shall prevail.
Article 5 In handling cases of extradition, compulsory measures including detention, arrest and residential surveillance may, depending on the circumstances, be taken against the person sought.
Article 6 The terms used in this Law are defined as follows:
(1) "the person sought" refers to the person for whom a request for grant of extradition is made by a requesting state;
(2) "the person extradited" refers to the person extradited from the requested state to the requesting state;
(3) "extradition treaty" refers to a treaty on extradition, which is concluded between the People's Republic of China and a foreign state or to which both the People's Republic of China and a foreign state are parties, or any other treaty which contains provisions in respect of extradition.
Chapter II Request Made to the People's Republic of China for Extradition
Section 1 Conditions for Extradition
Article 7 Request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be granted only when it meets the following conditions:
(1) the conduct indicated in the request for extradition constitutes an offence according to the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State; and
(2) where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, the offence indicated in the request for extradition is, under the laws of both the People's Republic of China and the Requesting State, punishable by a fixed term of imprisonment for one year or more or by any other heavier criminal penalty; where the request for extradition is made for the purpose of executing a criminal penalty, the period of sentence that remains to be served by the person sought is at least six months at the time when the request is made.
If the request for extradition concerns miscellaneous offences which conform to the provisions of Subparagraph (1) of the preceding paragraph, as long as one of the offences conforms to the provisions of Subparagraph (2) of the preceding paragraph, extradition may be granted for all of those offences.
Article 8 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China shall be rejected if:
(1) the person sought is a national of the People's Republic of China under the laws of the People's Republic of China;
(2) at the time the request is received, the judicial organ of the People's Republic of China has rendered an effective judgement or terminated the criminal proceedings in respect of the offence indicated in the request for extradition;
(3) the request for extradition is made for a political offence, or the People's Republic of China has granted asylum to the person sought;
(4) the person sought is one against whom penal proceedings instituted or punishment may be executed for reasons of that person's race, religion, nationality, sex, political opinion or personal status, or that person may, for any of those reasons, be subjected to unfair treatment in judicial proceedings;
(5) the offence indicated in the request for extradition is a purely military offence under the laws of the People's Republic of China or the laws of the Requesting State;
(6) the person sought is, under the laws of the People's Republic of China or the laws of the Requesting State, immune from criminal responsibility because, at the time the request is received, the limitation period for prosecuting the offence expires or the person is pardoned, or for other reasons;
(7) the person sought has been or will probably be subjected to torture or other cruel, inhuman or humiliating treatment or punishment in the Requesting State;
(8) the request for extradition is made by the Requesting State on the basis of a judgement rendered by default, unless the Requesting State undertakes that the person sought has the opportunity to have the case retried under conditions of his presence.
Article 9 The request for extradition made by a foreign state to the People's Republic of China may be rejected if:
(1) the People's Republic of China has criminal jurisprudence over the offence indicated in the request and criminal proceedings are being instituted against the person or preparations are being made for such proceedings; or
(2) extradition is incompatible with humanitarian considerations in view of the age, health or other conditions of the person sought.
Section 2 Submission of the Request for Extradition
Article 12 A letter of request for extradition submitted by the Requesting State shall be accompanied by:
(1) where extradition is requested for the purpose of instituting criminal proceedings, a copy of the warrant of arrest or other document with the same effect; where extradition is requested for the purpose of executing criminal punishment, a copy of legally effective written judgment or verdict, and where part of punishment has already been executed, a statement to such an effect; and
(2) the necessary evidence of the offence or evidentiary material.
The Requesting State shall provide the photographs and fingerprints of the person sought and other material in its control which may help to identify that person.
Article 13 The letter of request for extradition and other relevant documents submitted by the Requesting State in accordance with the provisions of this Section shall be officially signed or sealed by the competent authority of the Requesting State and be accompanied by translations in Chinese or other languages agreed to by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China.
Article 14 The Requesting State shall make the following assurances when requesting extradition:
(1) no criminal responsibility shall be investigated against the person in respect of the offences committed before his surrender except for which extradition is granted, nor shall that person be re-extradited to a third state, unless consented by the People's Republic of China, or unless that person has not left the Requesting State within 30 days from the date the proceedings in respect of the offence for which extradition is requested are terminated, or the person completes his sentence or is released before the sentence expires, or after leaving the country the person has returned of his own free will; and
(2) where after submitting the request for extradition, the Requesting State withdraws or waives it, or it is a mistake for the Requesting State to submit such a request, the Requesting State shall bear the responsibility for the harm thus done to the person.
Article 15 Where there is no extradition treaty to go by, the Requesting State shall make a reciprocity assurance.
Section 3 Examination of the Request for Extradition
Article 24 After examination, the Higher Peoples' Court shall:
Upon request by the Requesting State, the Higher People's Court may, on condition that other proceedings being conducted in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not hindered and the lawful rights and interests of any third party in the territory of the People's Republic of China are not impaired, decided to transfer the property related to the case, while rendering the decision that the request meets he conditions for extradition.
Article 25 After making the decision that the request meets the conditions for extradition or the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Higher People's Court shall have it read to the person sought and, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, submit the decision and the relevant material to the Supreme People's Court for review.
Where the person sought refuses to accept the decision made by the Higher People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, he and the Chinese lawyers entrusted by him may, within 10 days from the date the People's Court has the decision read to the person, submit their opinions to the Supreme People's Court.
Article 26 The Supreme People's Court shall review the decision made by the Higher People's Court and shall do the following respectively:
(1) where it believes that the decision made by the Higher People's Court conforms to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, it shall approve it; and
(2) where it believes that the decision made by the Higher People's Court does not conform to the provisions of this Law and of extradition treaties, it may quash it and send the case back to the People's Court which has originally reviewed it for fresh review, or modify the decision directly.
Article 27 In the course of examination, the People's Court may, when necessary, request through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs that the Requesting State provide supplementary material within 30 days.
Article 28 After making the decision of approval or modification, the Supreme People's Court shall, within seven days from the date it makes the decision, transmit the letter of decision to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and, at the same time, serve it on the person sought.
After approving the decision or making the decision that no extradition shall be granted, the Supreme People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
Article 29 After receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that no extradition shall be granted, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same.
Upon receiving the decision made by the Supreme People's Court that the request meets the conditions for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall submit the decision to the State Council for which to decide whether to grant extradition.
Where the State Council decides not to grant extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same. The People's Court shall immediately notify the public security organ to terminate the compulsory measures against the person sought.
Section 4 Compulsory Measures for Extradition
If the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs shall, without delay, transmit it to the Ministry of Public Security. If the request is submitted to the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Public Security shall impart to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs information about the request.
Article 31 When the public security organ, in accordance with the provisions of Article 30 of this Law, takes measures to detain the person for extradition, as requested, if the request is submitted to the Ministry of Pubic Security, the Ministry of Public Security shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the fact; if the request is submitted through diplomatic channels, the Ministry of Public Security shall notify the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the fact an the latter shall, without delay, notify the Requesting State of the same. When doing the notification through the above-mentioned channels, the time limit for submitting a formal request for extradition shall be informed at the same time if the person has been detained for extradition as requested.
If, within 30 days after the public security organ takes the measure of detention for extradition, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs receives no formal request for extradition from the foreign state, the public security organ shall terminate the detention for extradition. At the request of the foreign state, the time limit may be extended for 15 days.
Where the detention for extradition is terminated in accordance with the provisions in the second paragraph of this Article, the Requesting State may make a formal request for extradition of that person for the same offence afterwards.
Article 32 After receiving the letter of request for extradition and the accompanying documents and material, the Higher People's Court shall, without delay, make a decision to arrest the person for extradition, where normal extradition may be impeded if such a measure is not taken. Where the measure of arrest for extradition is not taken against the person sought, a decision for residential surveillance shall be made without delay.
Article 33 Detention for extradition, arrest for extradition and residential surveillance for extradition shall be executed by the public security organs.
Article 34 The organ that takes a compulsory measure for extradition shall, within 24 hours after measure is taken, interrogate the person against whom the compulsory measure for extradition is taken.
The person against whom a compulsory measure for extradition is taken may, beginning from the date the compulsory measure is taken, employ Chinese lawyers for legal assistance. When executing the compulsory measure for extradition, the public security organ shall inform that person of the above-mentioned right his is entitled to.
Article 35 Where the person sought, who should otherwise be arrested for extradition, is seriously ill or is a woman who is pregnant or is breast-feeding her own baby, residential surveillance may be taken against him or her.
Article 36 After making the decision to grant the extradition, the State Council shall, without delay, notify the Supreme People's Court of the decision. If the person sought is not arrested for extradition, the People's Court shall immediately make a decision to arrest that person for extradition.
Article 37 If the foreign state withdraws or waives the request for extradition, the compulsory measure taken against the person sought shall be terminated immediately.
Section 5 Execution of Extradition
Section 6 Postponed and Temporary Extradition
Section 7 Transit for Extradition
Chapter III Request Made to Foreign States for Extradition
Chapter IV Supplementary Provisions
Article 55 This Law shall go into effect as of the date of promulgation.
[Source: Extradition Law of the People's Republic of China, 19th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress, 28 December 2000, Database of Laws and Regulations, The National People's Congress (NPC) of the People's Republic of China.]
International Criminal Law: Country List | Home Page
This document has been published on 08Aug16 by the Equipo Nizkor and Derechos Human Rights. In accordance with Title 17 U.S.C. Section 107, this material is distributed without profit to those who have expressed a prior interest in receiving the included information for research and educational purposes.